{"id":18130,"date":"2022-12-28T18:47:28","date_gmt":"2022-12-28T18:47:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/?p=18130"},"modified":"2022-12-29T10:17:37","modified_gmt":"2022-12-29T10:17:37","slug":"fraedin-sem-komu-inn-ur-kuldanum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/volume-17-no-4-2022\/fraedin-sem-komu-inn-ur-kuldanum\/","title":{"rendered":"Fr\u00e6\u00f0in sem komu inn \u00far kuldanum"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\t<div class=\"dkpdf-button-container\" style=\" text-align:right \">\n\n\t\t<a class=\"dkpdf-button\" href=\"\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18130?pdf=18130\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"dkpdf-button-icon\"><i class=\"fa fa-file-pdf-o\"><\/i><\/span> <\/a>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h5><a href=\"http:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Thorsteinn_Gunnarsson.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-18161\" src=\"http:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Thorsteinn_Gunnarsson.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"180\" height=\"180\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Thorsteinn_Gunnarsson.jpg 180w, https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Thorsteinn_Gunnarsson-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 180px) 100vw, 180px\" \/><\/a><\/h5>\n<h5><strong>\u00deorsteinn Gunnarsson, fyrrv. rektor H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00e1 Akureyri<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>\u00cd \u00feessari grein ver\u00f0ur fari\u00f0 yfir st\u00f6\u00f0u og \u00fer\u00f3un nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0a h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00feremur \u00e1ratugum.\u00a0 Fyrst ver\u00f0a kynntar skilgreiningar \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um og nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0um.\u00a0 \u00dev\u00ed n\u00e6st ver\u00f0ur fjalla\u00f0 um \u00fer\u00f3un nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1 \u00feremur t\u00edmabilum innan \u00feessara \u00feriggja \u00e1ratuga og ger\u00f0 grein fyrir helstu vi\u00f0bur\u00f0um og einkennum hvers t\u00edmabils. Jafnframt ver\u00f0ur ger\u00f0 grein fyrir \u00a0\u00fe\u00e6tti dr. \u00d3lafs Ragnars Gr\u00edmssonar, fyrrv. forseta \u00cdslands, \u00ed uppbyggingu \u00feessa hluta nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0astarfsins.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>\u00cdsland sem hluti af nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Samkv\u00e6mt n\u00faverandi skilgreiningum telst allt landssv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00cdslands til nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a, sbr.\u00a0kort sem s\u00fdnir afm\u00f6rkun nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a birt sem hluti af samningi utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herra Nor\u00f0urskautsr\u00edkjanna 2017 um v\u00edsindasamstarf \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um, sj\u00e1 Mynd 1. \u00deess ber a\u00f0 geta a\u00f0 skilgreining \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um er ekki a\u00f0eins landfr\u00e6\u00f0ileg, heldur einnig p\u00f3l\u00edt\u00edsk, stj\u00f3rns\u00fdsluleg, menningarleg og bundin s\u00f6gu sv\u00e6\u00f0isins o.fl. Skilgreining \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um er einnig \u00ed st\u00f6\u00f0ugri \u00fer\u00f3un. Eldri skilgreining \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um var oft mi\u00f0u\u00f0 vi\u00f0 sv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 nor\u00f0an vi\u00f0 heimskautsbauginn 66,5 nor\u00f0l\u00e6grar breiddar. Skilgreining \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um og \u00edmynd \u00feeirra eru n\u00e1tengd. Um hvernig skilgreining og \u00edmynd nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a hefur \u00fer\u00f3ast \u00ed s\u00f6gulegu lj\u00f3si m\u00e1 t.d. sj\u00e1 b\u00f3k Sumarli\u00f0a \u00cdsleifssonar, \u00cd fjarska nor\u00f0ursins.<a href=\"#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mynd 1: Kort af nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um<a href=\"#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18136\" src=\"http:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-1-236x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"344\" height=\"438\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-1-236x300.jpg 236w, https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-1-807x1024.jpg 807w, https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-1-768x975.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-1-1210x1536.jpg 1210w, https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-1-1614x2048.jpg 1614w, https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-1.jpg 1773w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 344px) 100vw, 344px\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h5><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>\u00c1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1ratugum hefur \u00fer\u00f3ast s\u00e9rstakt safn fr\u00e6\u00f0igreina um nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir sem kallast einu nafni nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i. Samkv\u00e6mt skilgreiningu N\u00edelsar Einarssonar, forst\u00f6\u00f0umanns Stofunar Vilhj\u00e1lms Stef\u00e1nssonar, \u00fe\u00e1 f\u00e1st nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knir, v\u00f6ktun og fr\u00e6\u00f0slu sem tengist s\u00e9rstakri og sameiginlegri n\u00e1tt\u00faru, samf\u00e9lagsmenningu, atvinnuh\u00e1ttum og s\u00f6gu nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legu samhengi.<a href=\"#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sem d\u00e6mi um fr\u00e6\u00f0igreinar h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi sem f\u00e1st vi\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um innan n\u00e1tt\u00faru- og raunv\u00edsinda m\u00e1 nefna: Loftlagsfr\u00e6\u00f0i, j\u00f6klafr\u00e6\u00f0i, vatnafr\u00e6\u00f0i, haffr\u00e6\u00f0i, vistfr\u00e6\u00f0i. Innan hug- og mannv\u00edsinda m\u00e1 svo nefna Al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamskipti og l\u00f6g, \u00f6ryggism\u00e1l, sagnfr\u00e6\u00f0i og menning, f\u00e9lags- og hag\u00fer\u00f3un, jafnr\u00e9ttisfr\u00e6\u00f0i og heilbrig\u00f0isranns\u00f3knir.<a href=\"#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[4]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sem d\u00e6mi um n\u00e1mskei\u00f0 \u00e1 h\u00e1sk\u00f3lastigi um nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i m\u00e1 nefna Inngangur a\u00f0 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i sem kennt er vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00e1 Akureyri. \u00deetta n\u00e1mskei\u00f0 fjallar um \u00feverfaglegar ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 n\u00e1tt\u00farulegu umhverfi, mannvist, l\u00edfskj\u00f6rum og \u00fer\u00f3un l\u00edfsg\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um, en er um lei\u00f0 kynning \u00e1 arkt\u00edskum samf\u00e9l\u00f6gum og menningu \u00ed vistfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu, s\u00f6gulegu, samt\u00edmalegu og hnattr\u00e6nu samhengi.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1 me\u00f0al vi\u00f0fangsefna ver\u00f0a l\u00edfr\u00edki, n\u00e1tt\u00fara, au\u00f0lindir og loftslagsbreytingar; l\u00fd\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i, b\u00faferlaflutningar og a\u00f0l\u00f6gun; \u00fer\u00f3un l\u00edfsg\u00e6\u00f0a og l\u00edfv\u00e6nleiki samf\u00e9laga; kyngervi og kynjam\u00e1lefni; heilbrig\u00f0i og velfer\u00f0; menntun og menning; hagkerfi og atvinnugreinar; stj\u00f3rnskipan og lagskipting; arkt\u00edsk samvinna og al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamf\u00e9lagi\u00f0; sj\u00e1lfb\u00e6r \u00fer\u00f3un, hnattv\u00e6\u00f0ing og loftslagsbreytingar; og frumbyggjam\u00e1lefni og margv\u00edsleg \u00feekkingarkerfi.<a href=\"#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><strong>Meginsvi\u00f0 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0aranns\u00f3kna h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi <\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>\u00c1 \u00feessari \u00f6ld hafa ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 og kennsla um nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir eflst mj\u00f6g. Umfangsmestu ranns\u00f3knirnar eru n\u00fa sem fyrr \u00e1 svi\u00f0i n\u00e1tt\u00faru- og raunv\u00edsinda en \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum hafa ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 svi\u00f0i f\u00e9lagsv\u00edsinda veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 s\u00e6kja \u00ed sig ve\u00f0ri\u00f0.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00edsindamenn sem f\u00e1st vi\u00f0 \u00feessar ranns\u00f3knir vinna yfirleitt \u00ed st\u00f3rum samstarfsverkefnum sem n\u00e1 yfir margar fr\u00e6\u00f0igreinar. \u00cd gr\u00f3fum dr\u00e1ttum m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um hafi um \u00feessar mundir beinst inn \u00e1 fimm meginsvi\u00f0:<a href=\"#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[6]<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>J\u00f6klar og loftslag, st\u00fdrt af Ve\u00f0urstofu og H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands<\/li>\n<li>Loftlagsbreytingar og \u00e1hrif \u00feeirra h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi, st\u00fdrt af Ve\u00f0urstofu og V\u00edsindanefnd um loftslagsbreytingar<\/li>\n<li>Breytingar \u00ed hafinu umhverfis \u00cdsland, st\u00fdrt af Hafranns\u00f3knastofnun<\/li>\n<li>Sj\u00e1lfb\u00e6r \u00fer\u00f3un og samf\u00e9lagsleg \u00e1hrif loftslagsbreytinga, st\u00fdrt af Stofnun Vilhj\u00e1lms Stef\u00e1nssonar<\/li>\n<li>Heimskautar\u00e9ttur og haf- og strandsv\u00e6\u00f0astj\u00f3rnun, st\u00fdrt af H\u00e1sk\u00f3lanum \u00e1 Akureyri og H\u00e1sk\u00f3lasetri Vestfjar\u00f0a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sta\u00f0a nor\u00f0sl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0a og ranns\u00f3kna er a\u00f0 m\u00f6rgu leyti sterk um \u00feessar mundir en \u00fea\u00f0 er n\u00fdleg \u00fer\u00f3un. H\u00e9r \u00e1 eftir ver\u00f0ur fjalla\u00f0 um hvernig hafa \u00feessi fr\u00e6\u00f0i hafa \u00a0\u00fer\u00f3ast \u00ed samspili vi\u00f0 sitt umhverfi h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1ratugum?<\/p>\n<h5><strong>1990-1999 Vi\u00f0 nyrstu sj\u00f3narr\u00f6nd<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Fyrsta t\u00edmabili\u00f0, 1990-1999, sem \u00e9g k\u00fds a\u00f0 nefna, vi\u00f0 nyrstu sj\u00f3narr\u00f6nd, einkenndist af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 koma \u00e1 f\u00f3t nau\u00f0synlegum innvi\u00f0um og \u00feekkingu til a\u00f0 byggja upp \u00feessa fr\u00e6\u00f0igrein. Vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 vinnu var einkum leita\u00f0 til fyrirmynda hj\u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum nor\u00f0l\u00e6gum h\u00e1sk\u00f3lum og stofnunum. \u00c1 \u00feessu fyrsta t\u00edmabili einkenndist andr\u00famsloft v\u00edsindasamf\u00e9lagsins h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi \u00ed kringum \u00feessa vinnu stundum af efasemdum um \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu \u00feess og f\u00e1l\u00e6ti. Fyrirmyndir ranns\u00f3knastarfsins \u00e1tti ekki a\u00f0 s\u00e6kja nor\u00f0ur \u00ed einhverja \u201e\u00fatn\u00e1ra\u201c og t\u00fandrur heldur su\u00f0ur \u00e1 b\u00f3ginn til Harvard og Oxford.<\/p>\n<p>\u00deetta t\u00edmabil hefst me\u00f0 stofnun Al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legu Nor\u00f0urskautsv\u00edsindanefndarinnar (International Arctic Science Committee (IASC), 1990, \u00ed Resolute, Northwest Territories \u00ed Kanada. \u00cdsland ger\u00f0ist \u00fear einn af stofna\u00f0ilum IASC. Al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0lega nor\u00f0urskautsv\u00edsindanefndin (IASC) hefur skipa\u00f0 s\u00e9r sess sem einn mikilv\u00e6gasti al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legi samstarfsvettvangurinn um ranns\u00f3knir og v\u00f6ktun \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um og \u00ed dag lei\u00f0ir h\u00fan saman opinberar ranns\u00f3knarstofnanir og -samt\u00f6k fr\u00e1 23 l\u00f6ndum. Ranns\u00f3knar\u00e1\u00f0 \u00cdslands (s\u00ed\u00f0ar Rann\u00eds) hefur umsj\u00f3n me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku\u00a0 \u00edslensks v\u00edsindasamf\u00e9lags \u00ed IASC. Magn\u00fas Magn\u00fasson, pr\u00f3fessor, var forseti IASC, 1993-1997. \u00deess m\u00e1 geta a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 undirb\u00faning a\u00f0 stofnun IASC var \u00ed fyrstu ekki gert r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir \u00cdslandi sem stofna\u00f0ila IASC. Fulltr\u00fai \u00edslenskra stj\u00f3rnvalda \u00ed sendir\u00e1\u00f0inu \u00ed Osl\u00f3 haf\u00f0i ve\u00f0ur af \u00feessu og minnti \u00e1 stofna\u00f0ila \u00e1 a\u00f0 nokkrir fermetrar nyrst \u00ed Gr\u00edmsey v\u00e6ru fyrir nor\u00f0an heimskautsbaug. Odd Rogne \u201cI got a phone call from the Icelandic Embassy informing me that they had some square meters north of the Arctic Circle.\u201d<a href=\"#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[7]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>IASC h\u00e9lt fyrstu V\u00edsindaviku nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a Arctic Science Summit Week (ASSW) \u00ed Troms\u00f6 \u00ed Noregi \u00e1ri\u00f0 1999, sem hefur veri\u00f0 haldin \u00e1rlega s\u00ed\u00f0an og eru mikilv\u00e6gustu samkomur v\u00edsindamanna \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um.<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e1sk\u00f3linn \u00e1 Akureyri h\u00f3f me\u00f0 skipulegum h\u00e6tti a\u00f0 byggja upp starfsemi \u00e1 svi\u00f0i nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a \u00e1 \u00e1rinu 1995, m.a. me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 undirrita samstarfsamninga vi\u00f0 h\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00ed Nordkalotten, Troms\u00f6, Rovaniemi og Oulu um m\u00e1lefni nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a, \u00e1ri\u00f0 eftir var s\u00ed\u00f0an r\u00e1\u00f0stefna \u00feessara h\u00e1sk\u00f3la o.fl. haldin\u00a0 vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00e1 Akureyri, \u00fear sem efni \u00feessara samninga var fylgt eftir.<a href=\"#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Fulltr\u00fai H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00e1 Akureyri t\u00f3k \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed a\u00f0 undirb\u00faa a\u00f0 komi\u00f0 yr\u00f0i \u00e1 f\u00f3t Stofnun Vilhj\u00e1lms Stef\u00e1nssonar \u00e1 Akureyri en h\u00fan t\u00f3k til starfa \u00e1rinu 1998. Stofnun Vilhj\u00e1lms Stef\u00e1nssonar var og er eina stofnunin h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi sem hefur m\u00e1lefni nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a sem l\u00f6gbundi\u00f0 vi\u00f0fangsefni. \u00der\u00e1tt fyrir p\u00f3l\u00edt\u00edska samst\u00f6\u00f0u um a\u00f0 koma \u00feessari stofnun \u00e1 f\u00f3t var skilningur sumra \u00ed \u00edslenska v\u00edsindasamf\u00e9laginu \u00e1 nau\u00f0syn sl\u00edkrar stofnunar takmarka\u00f0ur. \u00cd ums\u00f6gn pr\u00f3fessors vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands um frv. til laga um Nor\u00f0urstofnun sem var forveri SVS komu fram efasemdir um starfsemi s\u00e9rstakrar stofnunar \u00e1 \u00feessu svi\u00f0i og ef \u00e1 anna\u00f0 bor\u00f0 v\u00e6ri \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 koma henni \u00e1 f\u00f3t, v\u00e6ri h\u00fan best sta\u00f0sett \u00fat \u00ed Gr\u00edmsey.<a href=\"#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[9]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00c1 \u00feessu \u00e1ri taka fulltr\u00faar H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00e1 Akureyri og Stofnunar Vilhj\u00e1lms Stef\u00e1nssonar virkan \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed a\u00f0 undirb\u00faa stofnun H\u00e1sk\u00f3la nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a (University of the Arctic) og fulltr\u00fai HA\/SVS tekur \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed stofnfundi undirb\u00faningsnefndar \u00ed Fairbanks \u00ed Alaska me\u00f0 17 \u00f6\u00f0rum nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0astofnunum og h\u00e1sk\u00f3lum. A\u00f0rir \u00edslenskir h\u00e1sk\u00f3lar s\u00fdna \u00feessu frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i ekki \u00e1huga.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd lok t\u00edunda \u00e1ratugsins, e\u00f0a \u00e1ri\u00f0 1999, er Ranns\u00f3kna\u00feing nor\u00f0ursins (Northern Research Forum (NRF)) stofna\u00f0 a\u00f0 frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00d3lafs Ragnars Gr\u00edmssonar, \u00fe\u00e1v. forseta \u00cdslands og tv\u00e6r skrifstofur vinnuh\u00f3pa Nor\u00f0urskautsr\u00e1\u00f0sins, Conservation og Arctic Fauna (CAFF) and Flora og Protection of the Marine Environment (PAME) taka til starfa \u00e1 Akureyri.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>\u00cd fjarska nor\u00f0ursins, 2000-2010<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Anna\u00f0 t\u00edmabili\u00f0 2000-2009, \u00cd fjarska nor\u00f0ursins, f\u00f3lst \u00ed a\u00f0 treysta \u00feessa innvi\u00f0i sem h\u00e9r hafa veri\u00f0 kynntir a\u00f0 framan og koma n\u00fdrri \u00feekkingu \u00e1 \u00feessu svi\u00f0i \u00e1 framf\u00e6ri \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legu umhverfi. T\u00edmabili\u00f0 einkennist af tilraunastarfsemi um hvernig \u00e6tti a\u00f0 skapa al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0lega umr\u00e6\u00f0u, bygg\u00f0a \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0um, sem hef\u00f0i \u00e1hrif.<\/p>\n<p>\u00deetta t\u00edmabil hefst me\u00f0 fyrsta m\u00e1l\u00feingi Ranns\u00f3kna\u00feings nor\u00f0ursins, \u201e<strong>North meets North<\/strong>\u201c var haldinn \u00ed H\u00e1sk\u00f3lanum \u00e1 Akureyri og \u00e1 Bessast\u00f6\u00f0um s\u00ed\u00f0la \u00e1rs 2000<a href=\"#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]<\/a>. N\u00e1nar ver\u00f0ur ger\u00f0 grein fyrir starfsemi Ranns\u00f3kna\u00feingsins og mikilv\u00e6gi \u00feess s\u00ed\u00f0ar \u00ed \u00feessum kafla. \u00c1ri\u00f0 eftir, 2001, er H\u00e1sk\u00f3li nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a stofna\u00f0ur \u00ed Rovaniemi \u00ed Finnlandi og eru H\u00e1sk\u00f3linn \u00e1 Akureyri og Stofnun Vilhj\u00e1lms Stef\u00e1nssonar \u00e1 me\u00f0al stofna\u00f0ila. H\u00e1sk\u00f3li nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a var m.a. stofna\u00f0ur til a\u00f0 berjast \u00e1 m\u00f3ti hugmyndafr\u00e6\u00f0inni um a\u00f0 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir v\u00e6ru ja\u00f0arsv\u00e6\u00f0i sem ungt f\u00f3lk \u00feyrfti a\u00f0 flytja fr\u00e1 til menntunar og a\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 beita sameinu\u00f0um kr\u00f6ftum v\u00e6ri h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a \u00f6llu ungu f\u00f3lki \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um upp \u00e1 menntun sem endurspegla\u00f0i veruleika \u00feeirra og umhverfi. Ungt f\u00f3lk sem \u00e1tti margt sameiginlegt \u2013 eins og kom \u00e1 daginn \u00feegar stofnanirnar f\u00f3ru a\u00f0 sty\u00f0ja vi\u00f0 nemendaskipti s\u00edn \u00e1 milli. H\u00e1sk\u00f3li nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a var\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0an mikilv\u00e6gasta samstarfsnet h\u00e1sk\u00f3la og ranns\u00f3knastofnana \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd kj\u00f6lfari\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2003 hefst kennsla \u00ed fyrsta n\u00e1mskei\u00f0i \u00ed nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00e1 Akureyri, sem hluti af H\u00e1sk\u00f3la nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a, Bachelor of Circumpolar Studies. J\u00f3n Haukur Ingimundarson, hj\u00e1 Stofnun Vilhj\u00e1lms Stef\u00e1nssonar og forma\u00f0ur UArctic\u00a0Bachelor of Circumpolar Studies Program Development Team, fr\u00e1 febr\u00faar 1999 til 2003 haf\u00f0i forg\u00f6ngu um \u00fer\u00f3un \u00feessarar n\u00e1mslei\u00f0ar. Tero Mustonen fr\u00e1 Finnlandi kenndi fyrstu n\u00e1msskei\u00f0in, Ingangur a\u00f0 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um og \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0ir og menning \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um, vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00e1 Akureyri, 2003-2004.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1hersla H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00e1 Akureyri m\u00e1lefni nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a haf\u00f0i \u00e1hrif \u00fat \u00ed samf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 og Akureyrarb\u00e6r ger\u00f0ist a\u00f0ili a\u00f0 Northern Forum, samt\u00f6kum h\u00e9ra\u00f0sstj\u00f3rna \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um \u00e1 \u00feingi samtakanna \u00ed P\u00e9tursborg \u00e1ri\u00f0 2003.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u00cdsland fer me\u00f0 formennsku \u00ed Nor\u00f0urskautsr\u00e1\u00f0inu \u00e1 \u00e1runum 2003-2004. Stofnun Vilhj\u00e1lms Stef\u00e1nssonar ritst\u00fdrir fyrstu \u00fer\u00f3unarsk\u00fdrslu nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a (Arctic Human Development Report) sem kemur \u00fat \u00ed n\u00f3vember 2004, og hefur marka\u00f0 spor fyrir ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 samf\u00e9l\u00f6gum \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um. Sk\u00fdrslan er einhver mikilv\u00e6gasta heimild sem til er um l\u00edfskj\u00f6r og st\u00f6\u00f0u samf\u00e9laga frumbyggja \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um og var samin \u00ed samvinnu 90 v\u00edsindamanna fr\u00e1 r\u00edkjum Nor\u00f0urskautsr\u00e1\u00f0sins. Joan Nymand-Larsen hj\u00e1 SVS hefur \u00e1samt fleirum leiddi vinnu vi\u00f0 sk\u00fdrsluna og \u00fe\u00e1 seinni sem kom \u00fat \u00e1ri\u00f0 2015. V\u00edsindavika nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a var \u00ed fyrsta sinn haldin \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk \u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2004 og sama \u00e1r er Arctic Portal fyrirt\u00e6ki sem s\u00e9rh\u00e6fir sig \u00ed mi\u00f0lum uppl\u00fdsinga um m\u00e1lefni nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a stofna\u00f0 \u00e1 Akureyri.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1 \u00e1rinu 2007 undirstrikar stefna H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00e1 Akureyri mikilv\u00e6gi nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i: \u201eL\u00f6g\u00f0 ver\u00f0i \u00e1hersla \u00e1 ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 fr\u00e6\u00f0asvi\u00f0um h\u00e1sk\u00f3lans og \u00feverfagleg fr\u00e6\u00f0asvi\u00f0 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a.\u201c<a href=\"#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]<\/a> \u00deetta er \u00ed fyrsta sinn sem h\u00e1sk\u00f3li h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi setur nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 dagskr\u00e1 \u00ed stefnu sinni. \u00c1ri\u00f0 eftir, 2008, hefst kennsla \u00ed meistaran\u00e1m \u00ed heimskautar\u00e9tti vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00e1 Akureyri, Gu\u00f0mundur Alfre\u00f0sson og \u00c1g\u00fast \u00de\u00f3r \u00c1rnason, Natalia Loukacheva, fyrsti Nansen pr\u00f3fessorinn vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00e1 Akureyri, skipul\u00f6g\u00f0u n\u00e1msskei\u00f0in \u00ed heimskautar\u00e9tti. \u00deau h\u00f6f\u00f0u jafnframt forg\u00f6ngu um a\u00f0 halda fyrsta Polar Law Symposium<a href=\"#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]<\/a> og gefa \u00fat r\u00e1\u00f0stefnuriti\u00f0 The Yearbook of Polar Law.<a href=\"#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00c1 \u00feessu \u00e1ri kemur \u00fat \u00ed fyrsta sinn sk\u00fdrsla v\u00edsindanefndar um loftslagsbreytingar h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi kemur \u00fat unnin af v\u00edsindam\u00f6nnum hj\u00e1 Ve\u00f0urstofunni o.fl.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>Ranns\u00f3kna\u00feing nor\u00f0ursins<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Dr. \u00d3lafur Ragnar Gr\u00edmsson, forseti \u00cdslands kom fyrstur fram me\u00f0 hugmynd um Ranns\u00f3kna\u00feing nor\u00f0ursins \u00ed september 1998 \u00ed r\u00e6\u00f0u \u00ed tilefni af tuttugasta starfs\u00e1ri H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00ed Lapplandi \u00ed Rovaniemi, Finnlandi. \u00cd r\u00e6\u00f0unni hvatti hann hann til \u00feess a\u00f0 stofna\u00f0ur yr\u00f0i n\u00fdr al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legur vettvangur \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um \u00fear sem efnt yr\u00f0i til opinnar samr\u00e6\u00f0u milli v\u00edsindamanna, emb\u00e6ttismanna, stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lamanna, athafnamanna um framt\u00ed\u00f0 f\u00f3lks \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um. H\u00e1sk\u00f3linn \u00ed Lapplandi f\u00f3l Lassi Heininen a\u00f0 gera f\u00fdsileikak\u00f6nnun \u00e1 \u00feessari hugmynd sem hann skila\u00f0i til \u00d3lafs sem s\u00ed\u00f0an leita\u00f0i til H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00e1 Akureyri um a\u00f0 byggja \u00feennan vetvangi upp \u00ed samstarfi vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00ed Lapplandi og fleiri a\u00f0ila.\u00a0 \u00deessi samstarfsvettvangur hlaut nafni\u00f0 Ranns\u00f3kna\u00feing nor\u00f0ursins (Northern Research Forum) og er enn starfr\u00e6ktur vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00e1 Akureyri. Starfsemi ranns\u00f3kna\u00feingsins h\u00f3fst \u00e1 \u00cdslandi \u00ed okt\u00f3ber 1999 me\u00f0 myndun stj\u00f3rnarnefndar.\u00a0 \u00cd upphafi var gert r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1tttakendur \u00ed Ranns\u00f3kna\u00feinginu v\u00e6ru v\u00edsindamenn, stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lamenn, stj\u00f3rnendur fyrirt\u00e6kja, emb\u00e6ttismenn, sveitarstj\u00f3rnarmenn og \u00feeir sem stj\u00f3rna au\u00f0lindum e\u00f0a n\u00fdta \u00fe\u00e6r. S\u00e9rst\u00f6k \u00e1\u00e6tlun var skipul\u00f6g\u00f0 innan NRF til a\u00f0 hvetja ungt f\u00f3lk til a\u00f0 taka \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed starfinu. Forsvarsmenn Ranns\u00f3kna\u00feingsins vildu a\u00f0 teki\u00f0 v\u00e6ri heildst\u00e6tt \u00e1 m\u00e1lefnum nor\u00f0ursins og a\u00f0 byggt v\u00e6ri \u00e1 reynslu \u00feess f\u00f3lks sem b\u00fdr \u00e1 nor\u00f0l\u00e6gum sl\u00f3\u00f0um.<\/p>\n<p>Ranns\u00f3kna\u00feing nor\u00f0ursins var haldi\u00f0 \u00ed a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjum Nor\u00f0urskautsr\u00e1\u00f0sins anna\u00f0 hvert \u00e1r. \u00d6nnur r\u00e1\u00f0stefna Ranns\u00f3kna\u00feingsins, \u201e<strong>Northern Veche<\/strong>,\u201c var haldin \u00ed Veliky Novgorod, R\u00fasslandi, \u00a0R\u00e1\u00f0stefna NRF \u00ed Veliky Novgorod var haldinn nokkrum m\u00e1nu\u00f0um eftir opinbera heims\u00f3kn \u00d3lafs Ragnars Gr\u00edmssonar til R\u00fasslands. \u00c1 r\u00e1\u00f0stefnunni var fylgt eftir \u00fdmsum umr\u00e6\u00f0uefnum um m\u00e1lefni nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a sem h\u00f6f\u00f0u veri\u00f0 \u00e1 dagskr\u00e1 \u00ed opinberu heims\u00f3kninni.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1tttunda m\u00e1l\u00feing NRF var haldi\u00f0 \u00e1 Hringbor\u00f0i nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk 2015 og s\u00ed\u00f0an hafa \u00e1rs\u00feing NRF ekki veri\u00f0 haldin, enda m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 Hringbor\u00f0 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a hafi teki\u00f0 vi\u00f0 hlutverki \u00feessara \u00feinga. \u00c1 mynd 2 eru r\u00e1\u00f0stefnusta\u00f0ir NRF taldir upp. Skrifstofa Ranns\u00f3kna\u00feingsins hefur veri\u00f0 starfr\u00e6kt vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00e1 Akureyri fr\u00e1 stofnun. \u00d3lafur Ragnar t\u00f3k virkan \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed undirb\u00faningi allra r\u00e1\u00f0stefna NRF, flutti erindi \u00e1 \u00feeim \u00f6llum og t\u00f3k virkan \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0um \u00e1 \u00feeim. Umr\u00e6\u00f0ur innan Ranns\u00f3kna\u00feings nor\u00f0ursins h\u00f6f\u00f0u \u00e1hrif \u00e1 starfsemi Nor\u00f0urskautsr\u00e1\u00f0sins og einstakar r\u00edkistj\u00f3rnir sem eiga a\u00f0ild a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0inu og s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00e1 Hringbor\u00f0 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mynd 2: Ranns\u00f3kna\u00feing nor\u00f0ursins,(NRF) r\u00e1\u00f0stefnusta\u00f0ir<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini2.jpg-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18137\" src=\"http:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini2.jpg-1-300x253.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"324\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini2.jpg-1-300x253.png 300w, https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini2.jpg-1-1024x862.png 1024w, https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini2.jpg-1-768x647.png 768w, https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini2.jpg-1-600x505.png 600w, https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini2.jpg-1-1536x1293.png 1536w, https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini2.jpg-1.png 1963w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 324px) 100vw, 324px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h5><strong>\u00c1hrif \u00a0Ranns\u00f3kna\u00feings nor\u00f0ursins<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Framlag NRF til fr\u00e6\u00f0asamf\u00e9lagsins var af \u00fdmsum toga:<\/p>\n<p>Um var a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a n\u00fdtt skipulag \u00e1 v\u00edsindar\u00e1\u00f0stefnu \u00fear sem g\u00e6tt var a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 virkja sem flesta \u00fe\u00e1ttakendur \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0um sem haldnar voru \u00e1 eftir erindum \u00ed pallbor\u00f0i. Drj\u00fagur t\u00edmi var gefinn til opinnar umr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00fe\u00e1tttakenda um \u00feau vi\u00f0fangsefni sem voru til umfj\u00f6llunar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1 r\u00e1\u00f0stefnunum komu \u00f3l\u00edkir hagsmunaa\u00f0ilar saman (m.a. v\u00edsindamenn, stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lamenn, athafnaf\u00f3lk og frumbyggjar) og fengu m\u00f6guleika til a\u00f0 setja sig inn \u00ed a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur mismunandi h\u00f3pa.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00e9rst\u00f6k \u00e1hersla var l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku og framlag ungra v\u00edsindamanna fr\u00e1 samf\u00e9l\u00f6gum \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um (NRF young researchers). NRF var me\u00f0 ums\u00f3knarferli fyrir unga v\u00edsindamenn og valdi svo \u00far \u00fe\u00e1 sem \u00fe\u00f3ttu skara fram \u00far til a\u00f0 vera me\u00f0 framl\u00f6g \u00e1 NRF og veitti \u00feeim fer\u00f0astyrki. \u00cd upphafi hvers \u00feings var NRF me\u00f0 vinnusmi\u00f0ju fyrir unga v\u00edsindamenn fyrir \u00feingin til a\u00f0 undirb\u00faa \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku \u00feeirra \u00ed r\u00e1\u00f0stefnunni.<a href=\"#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Vi\u00f0 undirb\u00faning r\u00e1\u00f0stefnu \u00e1 hverjum sta\u00f0 var s\u00e9rst\u00f6k \u00e1hersla l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 framlag og a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur gestgjafanna. \u00c1ri\u00f0 2004 h\u00e9lt NRF r\u00e1\u00f0stefnu \u00ed landam\u00e6rab\u00e6junum Tornio \u00ed Finnlandi og Haparanda \u00ed Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 undir heitinu Nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir \u00e1 landam\u00e6ra (Borderless North) en \u00feessir tveir b\u00e6ir hafa mikla samvinnu s\u00edn \u00e1 milli \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00feeir til heyri sitt hvoru r\u00edki og reyna a\u00f0 afnema sem flestar hindranir sem landam\u00e6ri geta skapa\u00f0.<\/p>\n<p>Val \u00e1 umr\u00e6\u00f0uefnum var oft frams\u00fdnt og n\u00fdst\u00e1rlegt. \u00dear m\u00e1 nefna r\u00e1\u00f0stefnuna, \u201eCan we imagine a World without Ice? Economic, Social and Political Consequences,\u201d sem haldin var \u00ed Hverager\u00f0i, \u00e1ri\u00f0 2011. Einnig m\u00e1 tiltaka r\u00e1\u00f0stefnuna \u201eClimate Change in Northern Territories: Sharing Experiences and Exploring New Methods Assessing Socio-Economic Impacts\u201c sem var haldin \u00ed H\u00e1sk\u00f3lanum \u00e1 Akureyri 2013 \u00ed samvinnu vi\u00f0 Skipulagsstofnun ESB (ESPON). \u00deess m\u00e1 geta a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0stefnan 2013 fjalla\u00f0i m.a. um \u00e1hrif loftslagsbreytinga um sv\u00e6\u00f0askipulag \u00fe\u00e1 voru a\u00f0eins fj\u00f3rir \u00edslenskir fulltr\u00faar sem tengdust sveitarstj\u00f3rnarm\u00e1lum sem t\u00f3ku \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed \u00feessari r\u00e1\u00f0stefnu. Til samanbur\u00f0ar og sem d\u00e6mi um j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0a \u00fer\u00f3un \u00ed \u00feessu m\u00e1laflokki \u00fe\u00e1 \u00ed september 2022 st\u00f3\u00f0 Samband \u00edslenskra sveitarf\u00e9lag fyrir r\u00e1\u00f0stefnu um tengt \u00a0vi\u00f0fangsefni sem var fj\u00f6ls\u00f3tt og yfir 200 manns t\u00f3ku \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed flestir af sveitarstj\u00f3rnarstiginu.<a href=\"#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\">[15]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>NRF skap\u00f0i \u00fdmsar hli\u00f0arafur\u00f0ir t.d. Arctic Yearbook samstarfverkefni NRF og H\u00e1sk\u00f3la nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a ritst\u00fdrt af Lassi Heininen o.fl. The Arctic Yearbook er ritr\u00fdnt fr\u00e6\u00f0irit um m\u00e1lefni nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a sem er gefi\u00f0 \u00fat \u00e1 netinu \u00ed opnum a\u00f0gangi. \u00deetta fr\u00e6\u00f0irit er mj\u00f6g miki\u00f0 nota\u00f0 af fr\u00e6\u00f0im\u00f6nnum um nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0am\u00e1l.<a href=\"#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\">[16]<\/a>\u00a0 Auk \u00feessa st\u00f6rfu\u00f0u \u00fdmsir \u00feemah\u00f3par \u00e1 milli \u00feinga.<\/p>\n<p>NRF var tilrauna- og \u00fer\u00f3unarstarf um n\u00fdjan umr\u00e6\u00f0u- og samskiptavettvang um mikilv\u00e6gi ranns\u00f3kna \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um, sem lag\u00f0i \u00e1kve\u00f0inn grundv\u00f6ll a\u00f0 Hringbor\u00f0i nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><strong>2011-2021 Nor\u00f0ur<\/strong><strong>sl\u00f3\u00f0<\/strong><strong> um ver\u00f6ld v\u00ed\u00f0a<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>\u00deri\u00f0ja t\u00edmabili\u00f0 2011-2022, Nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0 um ver\u00f6ld v\u00ed\u00f0a, einkennist af hra\u00f0vaxandi al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamstarfi m.a. vi\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knaa\u00f0ila utan nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a. Fr\u00e6\u00f0asamf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 f\u00e6r vettvang til a\u00f0 koma n\u00fdjustu \u00feekkingu \u00e1 framf\u00e6ri vi\u00f0 fj\u00f6lbreyttan h\u00f3p haga\u00f0ila \u00e1 heimsv\u00edsu. Erlendir v\u00edsindamenn leita \u00ed auknum m\u00e6li eftir samstarfsverkefnum vi\u00f0 v\u00edsindaf\u00f3lk h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi en einnig hafa \u00edslenskir v\u00edsindamenn lei\u00f0andi hlutverk \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legum samstarfsverkefnum.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1 \u00feessu t\u00edmabili ver\u00f0a margs konar og mikilv\u00e6g t\u00edmam\u00f3t \u00e1 al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legum vettvangi \u00e1 vettvangi nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a sem einnig n\u00e1 til annarra heimshluta.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1 \u00e1rinu 2013 f\u00e1 fimm As\u00edur\u00edki, Japan, Indland, K\u00edna, Singapore og Su\u00f0ur-K\u00f3rea\u00a0 \u00e1heyrnara\u00f0ild a\u00f0 Nor\u00f0urskautsr\u00e1\u00f0inu og fyrsta \u00feing Hringbor\u00f0s nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a er haldi\u00f0 \u00ed H\u00f6rpu og ver\u00f0ur strax \u00ed upphafi a\u00f0 fj\u00f6lmennustu r\u00e1\u00f0stefnu \u00e1 heimsv\u00edsu um m\u00e1lefni nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a. Mikil og virk \u00fe\u00e1tttaka r\u00e1\u00f0stefnugesta fr\u00e1 As\u00edu r\u00edkjunum fimm var \u00e1berandi \u00e1 \u00feessu fyrsta \u00feingi.<\/p>\n<p>Fyrsta ranns\u00f3kna\u00e1\u00e6tlun NordForsk sem fjallar um nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir, \u00d6ndvegissetur fyrir nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir hefst \u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2014 og sama \u00e1r hefst n\u00fd Ranns\u00f3kna\u00e1\u00e6tlun ESB, Horizon 2020, me\u00f0 st\u00f3rauknu fj\u00e1rmagn \u00ed ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1ri\u00f0 2016 h\u00e9ldu Bandar\u00edkin fyrsta fund v\u00edsindar\u00e1\u00f0herra um nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir \u00ed Hv\u00edta h\u00fasinu og s\u00f3ttu r\u00e1\u00f0herrar e\u00f0a fulltr\u00faar \u00feeirra fr\u00e1 22 r\u00edkjum, auk Evr\u00f3pusambandsins, fundinn en \u00fear kom m.a. fram eindreginn stu\u00f0ningur vi\u00f0 dr\u00f6g a\u00f0 samningstexta um v\u00edsindasamstarf \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um<a href=\"#_edn17\" name=\"_ednref17\">[17]<\/a>.\u00a0 \u00deessi samningur var s\u00ed\u00f0an undirrita\u00f0ur af utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herrum Nor\u00f0urskautsr\u00edkjanna \u00ed Fairbanks \u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2017. Samningur um v\u00edsindasamstarfi\u00f0 hvetur til \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku \u00feri\u00f0ju r\u00edkja\/\u00e1heyrnarfulltr\u00faa \u00ed samstarfinu og \u00e1heyrnarfulltr\u00faar t\u00f3ku mikinn \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed undirb\u00faningi samningstextans.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1ri\u00f0 eftir e\u00f0a 2018 skilgreinir K\u00edna, fj\u00f6lmennasta r\u00edki heimsins, sig sem \u201enear-Arctic State\u201c en s\u00fa skilgreining olli talsver\u00f0um titringi \u00e1 al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asvi\u00f0inu, einkum hj\u00e1 Trump stj\u00f3rn Bandar\u00edkjanna.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd t\u00f6flu 1 er yfirlit um helstu vi\u00f0bur\u00f0i h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi sem tengjast umr\u00e6ddu t\u00edmabili.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tafla 1: Nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0 um ver\u00f6ld v\u00ed\u00f0a \u00e1 \u00cdslandi<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 139.239%; height: 571px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 158px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 158px; width: 2.47909%;\">2011<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 158px; width: 106.27%;\">International Congress of Arctic Social Sciences, ICASS VIII, haldi\u00f0 \u00e1 Akureyri, Stofnun Vilhj\u00e1lms Stef\u00e1nssonar \u00a0og H\u00e1sk\u00f3linn \u00e1 Akureyri sj\u00e1 um skipulagningu, 450 manns \u00fe\u00e1tttakendur.<br \/>\nUtanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herrar \u00cdslands og Noregs undirrita viljayfirl\u00fdsingu var\u00f0andi ranns\u00f3knasamstarf \u00e1 svi\u00f0i nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0a. M.a. komi\u00f0 \u00e1 f\u00f3t Nansen pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00e1 Akureyri, styrkir til ranns\u00f3knasamstarfs \u00ed nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0um milli landanna tveggja.<br \/>\n\u00deings\u00e1lyktun um stefnu \u00cdslands \u00ed m\u00e1lefnum nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a sam\u00feykkt.<br \/>\nH\u00e1sk\u00f3li \u00cdslands gerist a\u00f0ili a\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la Nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 67px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 67px; width: 2.47909%;\">2012<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 67px; width: 106.27%;\">Arctic Yearbook kemur \u00fat \u00ed fyrsta sinn.<br \/>\nK\u00ednverski \u00edsbrj\u00f3turinn, Sn\u00e6drekinn, heims\u00e6kir \u00cdsland, m\u00e1l\u00feing um nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku k\u00ednverskra v\u00edsindamanna haldin \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk og \u00e1 Akureyri<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 105px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 105px; width: 2.47909%;\">2013<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 105px; width: 106.27%;\">Nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0anet \u00cdslands, samstarfsvettvangur innlendra a\u00f0ila sem fjalla um nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir,\u00a0stofna\u00f0 \u00e1 Akureyri.<br \/>\nRanns\u00f3knasetur um nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir stofna\u00f0 vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 10px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 10px; width: 2.47909%;\">2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 10px; width: 106.27%;\">Global Arctic verkefni leitt af Lassi Heininen kynnt \u00e1 Hringbor\u00f0i nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a. M\u00e1lefni nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a eiga erindi um v\u00ed\u00f0a ver\u00f6ld og ver\u00f6ldin utan nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a vill taka \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed m\u00e1lefnum sem var\u00f0a nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 107px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 107px; width: 2.47909%;\">2017<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 107px; width: 106.27%;\">Skrifstofa IASC flytur fr\u00e1 Potsdam til Akureyrar<br \/>\nStofnun Vilhj\u00e1lms Stef\u00e1nssonar lei\u00f0ir \u00f6ndvegisverkefni, um samf\u00e9laglegar breytingar \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um \u00ed kj\u00f6lfar lofslagsbreytinga, \u00e1 vegum NordForsk, ARCHPATH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 53px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 53px; width: 2.47909%;\">2020<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 53px; width: 106.27%;\">V\u00edsindavika nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a haldin vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00e1 Akureyri on-line vegna COVID<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 71px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 71px; width: 2.47909%;\">2021<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 71px; width: 106.27%;\">\u00cdsland og Japan halda fund v\u00edsindar\u00e1\u00f0herra nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a \u00ed Tokyo.<br \/>\n\u00d6nnur \u00feings\u00e1lyktun um stefnu \u00cdslands \u00ed m\u00e1lefnum nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a sam\u00feykkt<br \/>\nN\u00fd r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rn bo\u00f0ar s\u00e9rstaka ranns\u00f3kna\u00e1\u00e6tlun um nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir \u00ed stj\u00f3rnars\u00e1ttm\u00e1la<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00de\u00e1 er s\u00e9rstaklega vakin athygli \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feessu t\u00edmaskei\u00f0i voru tv\u00e6r \u00feing\u00e1yktanir um m\u00e1lefni nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a sam\u00feykktar \u00e1 Al\u00feingi, s\u00fa fyrsta, \u00e1ri\u00f0 2011 og s\u00fa seinni, \u00e1ri\u00f0 2021. \u00cd \u00feings\u00e1lyktun 2011, kom fram \u00e1hersla \u00e1 fr\u00e6\u00f0astarf \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um og \u00fear var m.a. fjalla\u00f0 um a\u00f0 auka \u00feekkingu \u00cdslendinga \u00e1 m\u00e1lefnum nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a og a\u00f0 kynna \u00cdsland erlendis sem vettvang fyrir fundi, r\u00e1\u00f0stefnur og umr\u00e6\u00f0ur um nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir. Vinna ber a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 efla og styrkja mi\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0var, ranns\u00f3knarsetur og menntastofnanir um nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir \u00e1 \u00cdslandi \u00ed samstarfi vi\u00f0 \u00f6nnur r\u00edki og al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0astofnanir. Unni\u00f0 er a\u00f0 uppbyggingu al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legrar nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ami\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0var \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00e1 Akureyri.<a href=\"#_edn18\" name=\"_ednref18\">[18]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00cd \u00feings\u00e1lyktun fr\u00e1 2021, kom fram m.a. a\u00f0 br\u00fdnt v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 sta\u00f0a og \u00edmynd \u00cdslands sem nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ar\u00edkis ver\u00f0i efd me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 byggja upp innlenda \u00feekkingu og s\u00e9rh\u00e6fngu \u00ed m\u00e1lefnum nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a og efa mi\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0var mennta, v\u00edsinda og umr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00e1 \u00feessu svi\u00f0i. \u00cd \u00feessu skyni ver\u00f0ur m\u00f3tu\u00f0 s\u00e9rst\u00f6k ranns\u00f3knar\u00e1\u00e6tlun um nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ir.<a href=\"#_edn19\" name=\"_ednref19\">[19]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd lj\u00f3si \u00feeirrar \u00fer\u00f3unar sem h\u00e9r hefur veri\u00f0 l\u00fdst a\u00f0 framan er fr\u00f3\u00f0legt a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a hven\u00e6r \u00edslenskar stofnanir, einkum h\u00e1sk\u00f3lar, gerast a\u00f0ilar a\u00f0 h\u00e1sk\u00f3la nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a.\u00a0 \u00c1 t\u00edmabilinu 2000-2009 er \u00fea\u00f0 eing\u00f6ngu stofnanir \u00e1 landsbygg\u00f0inni sem gerast a\u00f0ilar a\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a en \u00e1 seinna t\u00edmabilinu, 2010-2021, b\u00e6tast h\u00e1sk\u00f3lar \u00e1 h\u00f6fu\u00f0borgasv\u00e6\u00f0inu \u00ed \u00feennan h\u00f3p. Sk\u00f3larnir \u00e1 H\u00f3lum og Hvanneyri reka svo lestina.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tafla 2: A\u00f0ild h\u00e1sk\u00f3la o.fl. \u00e1 \u00cdslandi a\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 69.3683%; height: 533px;\" width=\"560\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 13px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 37.7483%; height: 13px;\" width=\"321\">\n<h6><strong>Nafn stofnunar\u00a0<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 31.457%; height: 13px;\" width=\"239\">\n<h6><strong>Dags. a\u00f0ildar<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 52px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 37.7483%; height: 52px;\" width=\"321\"><strong>H\u00e1sk\u00f3linn \u00e1 Akureyri<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 31.457%; height: 52px;\" width=\"239\"><strong>09.06. 2001, stofnandi<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 52px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 37.7483%; height: 52px;\" width=\"321\"><strong>Stofnun Vilhj\u00e1lms Stef\u00e1nssonar<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 31.457%; height: 52px;\" width=\"239\"><strong>09.06. 2001, stofnandi<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 52px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 37.7483%; height: 52px;\" width=\"321\"><strong>\u00a0H\u00e1sk\u00f3linn \u00e1 Bifr\u00f6st<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 31.457%; height: 52px;\" width=\"239\"><strong>01.06. 2006<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 52px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 37.7483%; height: 52px;\" width=\"321\"><strong>H\u00e1sk\u00f3lasetur Vestfjar\u00f0a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 31.457%; height: 52px;\" width=\"239\"><strong>14.06. 2006<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 52px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 37.7483%; height: 52px;\" width=\"321\"><strong>H\u00e1sk\u00f3li \u00cdslands<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 31.457%; height: 52px;\" width=\"239\"><strong>07.06. 2011<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 52px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 37.7483%; height: 52px;\" width=\"321\"><strong>Arctic Portal<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 31.457%; height: 52px;\" width=\"239\"><strong>13.06. 2012<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 52px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 37.7483%; height: 52px;\" width=\"321\"><strong>H\u00e1sk\u00f3linn \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 31.457%; height: 52px;\" width=\"239\"><strong>05.06. 2013<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 52px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 37.7483%; height: 52px;\" width=\"321\"><strong>Listah\u00e1sk\u00f3li \u00cdslands<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 31.457%; height: 52px;\" width=\"239\"><strong>14.06. 2015<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 52px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 37.7483%; height: 52px;\" width=\"321\"><strong>Landb\u00fana\u00f0arh\u00e1sk\u00f3li \u00cdslands<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 31.457%; height: 52px;\" width=\"239\"><strong>18.09. 2019<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 52px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 37.7483%; height: 52px;\" width=\"321\">H\u00e1sk\u00f3linn \u00e1 H\u00f3lum<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 31.457%; height: 52px;\" width=\"239\">18.09. 2019<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">(Heimild: University of the Arctic 2022) <strong><a href=\"#_edn20\" name=\"_ednref20\">[20]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Einnig er eftirtektarvert a\u00f0 l\u00edta \u00e1 \u00e1rangur \u00e1rangur nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0a \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legu samhengi \u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum \u00e1ratug \u00feessarar aldar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00de\u00e1 er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 l\u00edta til \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku \u00ed ranns\u00f3kna\u00e1\u00e6tlun ESB en ranns\u00f3knastyrkir fr\u00e1 ESB til \u00edslenskra ranns\u00f3knaa\u00f0ila \u00ed nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0averkefnum n\u00e6r t\u00edf\u00f6ldu\u00f0ust fr\u00e1 2015 til 2020. R\u00famlega 40% af \u00feessum styrkjum runnu til ranns\u00f3knaa\u00f0ila \u00e1 Akureyri.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mynd 3: Ranns\u00f3knastyrkir til \u00edslenskra \u00fe\u00e1ttakenda \u00ed nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0averkefnum Horizon 2020. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-4-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18138\" src=\"http:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-4-1-300x180.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"325\" height=\"195\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-4-1-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-4-1-600x361.png 600w, https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-4-1.png 605w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 325px) 100vw, 325px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">(Heimild Rann\u00eds, 2020) <a href=\"#_edn21\" name=\"_ednref21\">[21]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mynd 4: \u00cdslenskir \u00fe\u00e1tttakendur \u00ed nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0averkefnum Horizon 2020. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-5.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18133\" src=\"http:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-5-300x148.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"363\" height=\"179\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-5-300x148.png 300w, https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-5-600x296.png 600w, https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/steini-5.png 605w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 363px) 100vw, 363px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">(Heimild: Rann\u00eds 2020) <a href=\"#_edn22\" name=\"_ednref22\">[22]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h5><strong>Framlag Hringbor\u00f0s nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a til fr\u00e6\u00f0asamf\u00e9lagsins: Br\u00fa milli heima<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>\u00c1 fyrrgreindu t\u00edmabili, 2010-2021, m\u00e1 fullyr\u00f0a a\u00f0 stofnun Hringbor\u00f0s nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a undir forystu \u00d3lafs Ragnars Gr\u00edmssonar, hafi veri\u00f0 markver\u00f0asta framlag \u00cdslands til m\u00e1lefna nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a \u00e1 al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legum vettvangi.<\/p>\n<p>Starfsemi hringbor\u00f0sins veitir fr\u00e6\u00f0im\u00f6nnum a\u00f0gang a\u00f0 fj\u00f6lmennustu r\u00e1\u00f0stefnu \u00e1 heimsv\u00edsu um m\u00e1lefni nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a.<a href=\"#_edn23\" name=\"_ednref23\">[23]<\/a> Hringbor\u00f0i\u00f0 vekur athygli hj\u00e1 mj\u00f6g mikilv\u00e6gum h\u00f3pi hagsmunaa\u00f0ila \u00e1 framlagi v\u00edsinda til a\u00f0 greina og skilja \u00fe\u00e6r hr\u00f6\u00f0u breytinga sem n\u00fa eiga s\u00e9r sta\u00f0 \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um og \u00e1hrif \u00feessara breytinga \u00e1 samf\u00e9l\u00f6g v\u00ed\u00f0a um heim. \u00dea\u00f0 gefur t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til samr\u00e6\u00f0u um framt\u00ed\u00f0 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a milli a\u00f0ila sem venjulega hittast sitt \u00ed hvoru lagi. \u00dear m\u00e1 nefna v\u00edsindamenn, stefnusmi\u00f0i fr\u00e1 sv\u00e6\u00f0um utan nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a, frumbyggja, umhverfissinna svo nokkur d\u00e6mi s\u00e9u tekin. Utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herra Japan, Taro Kono, flutti t.d. mj\u00f6g eftirminnilega r\u00e6\u00f0u \u00e1 Hringbor\u00f0i nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a \u00e1ri\u00f0 2018 \u00fear sem hann f\u00f3r yfir \u00e1\u00e6tlanir Japans um eflingu nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0aranns\u00f3kna og vi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0 vi\u00f0 loftslagsbreytingum.<a href=\"#_edn24\" name=\"_ednref24\">[24]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Skipulag, umfang og dagskr\u00e1 Hringbor\u00f0s nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a la\u00f0ar a\u00f0 s\u00e9r \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku margra mikilv\u00e6gra v\u00edsindastofnana \u00far heiminum. Svo sem National Science Foundation fr\u00e1 Bandar\u00edkjunum, Alfred Wegener stofnunin \u00ed \u00de\u00fdskalandi, Norska heimskautastofnunin, Heimskautastofnun K\u00f3reu og K\u00edna, svo nokkur d\u00e6mi s\u00e9u tekin. Fyrir a\u00f0ra fr\u00e6\u00f0imenn getur \u00feetta skapa\u00f0 ver\u00f0m\u00e6t tengsl. \u00deannig veitir Hringbor\u00f0i\u00f0 fr\u00e6\u00f0asamf\u00e9laginu a\u00f0gang a\u00f0 valdamiklum a\u00f0ilum sem hafa \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00f6rl\u00f6g og l\u00edfskj\u00f6r almennings, s.s. \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0h\u00f6f\u00f0ingjar og r\u00e1\u00f0herrar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1 Hringbor\u00f0inu er dagskr\u00e1rvaldi\u00f0 a\u00f0 mestu \u00ed h\u00f6ndum \u00fe\u00e1tttakenda sj\u00e1lfra, fr\u00e6\u00f0imenn hafa algj\u00f6rlega frj\u00e1lsar hendur um innihald m\u00e1lstofa og umr\u00e6\u00f0na. Hringbor\u00f0i\u00f0 gefur nemendum \u00ed h\u00e1sk\u00f3lum t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til virkrar \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku me\u00f0 \u00fdmsum h\u00e6tti og virkjar \u00feannig uppvaxandi kynsl\u00f3\u00f0 ungra v\u00edsindamanna.<\/p>\n<p>Hringbor\u00f0 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a virkar sem br\u00fa milli \u00f3l\u00edkra heima nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a og annarra sv\u00e6\u00f0a heimsins og tengir\u00a0 m.a. saman m\u00e1lefni fre\u00f0hvolfsins \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um, Su\u00f0urskautslandinu og Himalaya.<\/p>\n<p>Samanteki\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 er Hringbor\u00f0 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a br\u00fa milli heima; milli landsv\u00e6\u00f0a, stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1la og v\u00edsinda, milli fr\u00e6\u00f0igreina, frumbyggja og v\u00edsindaf\u00f3lks ofl.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>Lokaor\u00f0 <\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Um \u00feessar mundir er vaxandi vi\u00f0urkenning \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00f6rl\u00f6g mannkyns eru n\u00e1tengd afdrifum fre\u00f0hvolfsins. Hringbor\u00f0 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a undir forystu \u00d3lafs Ragnars Gr\u00edmssonar er n\u00e1nast eini vettvangurinn um m\u00e1lefni nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0a sem starfar \u00e1 heimsv\u00edsu og hefur haft mikilv\u00e6g \u00e1hrif \u00e1 a\u00f0 auka \u00feennan skilning.<\/p>\n<p>Me\u00f0 innr\u00e1s R\u00fasslands, st\u00e6rsta nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0ar\u00edkisins \u00ed landfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum skilningi, \u00ed \u00dakran\u00edu, \u00ed febr\u00faar 2022, l\u00fdkur \u00fev\u00ed hra\u00f0fara uppbyggingart\u00edmabili \u00ed nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0asamstarfi sem \u00e9g hef kennt vi\u00f0 Nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0 um ver\u00f6ld v\u00ed\u00f0a. Aflei\u00f0ingar \u00feessarar innr\u00e1sar mun einnig hafa mikil \u00e1hrif \u00e1 al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legt v\u00edsindasamstarf \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um. Hvort nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0in ver\u00f0a fyrir \u00e1hrifum af langvarandi kulnun \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamstarfi mun s\u00ed\u00f0ar koma \u00ed lj\u00f3s.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>Aftanm\u00e1lsgreinar<\/h5>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]<\/a> Sumarli\u00f0i R. \u00cdsleifsson. (2020). \u00cd fjarska nor\u00f0ursins \u00cdsland og Gr\u00e6nland \u2013 vi\u00f0horfasaga \u00ed \u00fe\u00fasund \u00e1r. S\u00f6guf\u00e9lag.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rannis.is\/starfsemi\/nordurslodir\/\">Samningur um v\u00edsindasamstarf \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um | Ranns\u00f3knami\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0 \u00cdslands (rannis.is)<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]<\/a> N\u00edels Einarsson, t\u00f6lvup\u00f3stur 8. september 2022<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]<\/a> Sj\u00e1 einnig skilgreiningu National Science Foundation. The goal of the NSF Arctic Research Program is to gain a better understanding of the Arctic\u2019s biological, geophysical, chemical, and sociocultural processes, and the interactions of ocean, land, atmosphere, biological, and human systems.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]<\/a> J\u00f3n Haukur Ingimundarson, t\u00f6lvup\u00f3stur 12. september 2022<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]<\/a> Egill \u00de\u00f3r N\u00edelsson &amp; \u00deorsteinn Gunnarsson (eds.) (2020). Mapping Arctic Research in Iceland. Reykjavik, Rannis, bls. 14-15.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]<\/a> Rogne Odd, Rachold Volker Hacquebord Louwrens &amp; Corell Robert. IASC after 25 years. (2015) International Arctic Science Committee, bls. 22<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]<\/a> \u00deorsteinn Gunnarsson. (2014). N\u00fdsk\u00f6pun, mannau\u00f0ur og landsbygg\u00f0. \u00cd \u00c1rd\u00eds \u00c1rmannsd\u00f3ttir (ritstj.). \u00deekkingin beislu\u00f0 \u2013 n\u00fdsk\u00f6punarb\u00f3k. Afm\u00e6lisrit til hei\u00f0urs \u00deorsteini Inga Sigf\u00fassyni, bls. 139-155. Hi\u00f0 \u00edslenska b\u00f3kmenntaf\u00e9lag.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]<\/a> Ums\u00f6gn fr\u00e1 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands var\u00f0veitt \u00ed skjalasafni Stofnunar Vilhj\u00e1lms Stef\u00e1nssonar.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]<\/a> \u00de\u00f3rleifur Stef\u00e1n Bj\u00f6rnsson, J\u00f3n Haukur Ingimundarson og L\u00e1ra \u00d3lafsd\u00f3ttir (ritstj.) (2001). North meets North. Proceedings of the First Northern Research Forum. Stefansson Arctic Institute and University of Akureyri.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]<\/a> Stefna H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00e1 Akureyri 2007-2011<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]<\/a> \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.polarlaw.is\/en\/polar-law-symposium\">Polar Law Symposium | Polar Law Institute<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/brill.com\/display\/serial\/POLA\">The Yearbook of Polar Law (brill.com)<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unak.is\/is\/rannsoknir\/nrf\">Ranns\u00f3kna\u00feing Nor\u00f0ursins \u2013 NRF | H\u00e1sk\u00f3linn \u00e1 Akureyri (unak.is)<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\">[15]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.samband.is\/vidburdir\/sveitarfelog-ahrif-loftslagsbreytinga-og-adlogunaradgerdir\/\">Sveitarf\u00e9l\u00f6g, \u00e1hrif loftslagsbreytinga og a\u00f0l\u00f6gunara\u00f0ger\u00f0ir &#8211; Samband \u00edslenskra sveitarf\u00e9laga<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\">[16]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/arcticyearbook.com\/\">Arctic Yearbook &#8211; Arctic Yearbook<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref17\" name=\"_edn17\">[17]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stjornarradid.is\/media\/menntamalaraduneyti-media\/media\/frettatengt2016\/ArcticScienceMinisterial_JointStatement_Sept282016_signed.pdf\">ArcticScienceMinisterial_JointStatement_Sept282016_signed.pdf (stjornarradid.is)<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref18\" name=\"_edn18\">[18]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arcticiceland.is\/en\/selected-material\/selected-reports#thingsalyktun-um-stefnu-islands-i-malefnum-nordhurslodha-2011\">Selected Reports &#8211; Icelandic Arctic Cooperation Network (arcticiceland.is)<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref19\" name=\"_edn19\">[19]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stjornarradid.is\/library\/04-Raduneytin\/Utanrikisraduneytid\/PDF-skjol\/Thingsalyktun-um-stefnu-Islands-i-malefnum-nordursloda.pdf\">C:\\Documents and Settings\\gtg\\Documentum\\Checkout\\1148-thal-0337.wpd (stjornarradid.is)<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref20\" name=\"_edn20\">[20]<\/a> T\u00f6lvup\u00f3stur fr\u00e1 Scott Forrest, 26. september 2022<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref21\" name=\"_edn21\">[21]<\/a> Egill \u00de\u00f3r N\u00edelsson &amp; \u00deorsteinn Gunnarsson, bls. 45<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref22\" name=\"_edn22\">[22]<\/a> Ibid, bls. 46<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref23\" name=\"_edn23\">[23]<\/a> Dagfinnur Sveinbj\u00f6rnsson og \u00deorsteinn Gunnarsson. (2022) Iceland as an Arctic Hub. \u00d3\u00fatgefi\u00f0.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref24\" name=\"_edn24\">[24]<\/a> Ibid<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><em>\u00deorsteinn Gunnarsson, fyrrverandi rektor H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00e1 Akureyri<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u00cd \u00feessari grein ver\u00f0ur fari\u00f0 yfir st\u00f6\u00f0u og \u00fer\u00f3un nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0a h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00feremur \u00e1ratugum.\u00a0 Fyrst ver\u00f0a kynntar skilgreiningar \u00e1 nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0um og nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0um.\u00a0 \u00dev\u00ed n\u00e6st ver\u00f0ur fjalla\u00f0 um \u00fer\u00f3un nor\u00f0ursl\u00f3\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1 \u00feremur t\u00edmabilum innan \u00feessara \u00feriggja \u00e1ratuga og ger\u00f0 grein fyrir helstu vi\u00f0bur\u00f0um og einkennum hvers t\u00edmabils.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":662,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2223,2225],"tags":[2316,2315],"coauthors":[2329],"class_list":["post-18130","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-volume-17-no-4-2022","category-new-article-editor-review-volume-17-no-4-2022","tag-nordurslodafraedi","tag-nordurslodir"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18130","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/662"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18130"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18130\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18193,"href":"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18130\/revisions\/18193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18130"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18130"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18130"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nome.unak.is\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=18130"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}